Apply global middleware to all API Routes

In this article, we will explore three different ways to apply global middleware in Laravel API Routes, each offering its unique advantages and use cases. By understanding these distinct approaches, developers can make informed decisions  which one to use based on factors such as code structure, maintainability, and specific project requirements.

In the Route File

The route file, located at routes/api.php, provides a straightforward way to apply middleware to all API routes. By encapsulating the routes within a middleware group, you can ensure that the specified middleware is applied universally.

//routes/api.php

use App\Http\Middleware\YourMiddleware;

Route::middleware(YourMiddleware::class)->group(function() {
        Route::get('/api/users', 'UserController@index');
        Route::post('/api/users', 'UserController@store');
        Route::get('/api/users/{id}', 'UserController@show');
        Route::put('/api/users/{id}', 'UserController@update');
        Route::delete('/api/users/{id}', 'UserController@destroy');
        // ... All Others API routes
});

In the Routes Service Provider

The Routes Service Provider, found at app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php, is another way where you can configure global middleware. By incorporating middleware in the boot method, you ensure that it is applied to all API routes.

// app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php

use App\Http\Middleware\YourMiddleware;

public function boot()
{
    $this->configureRateLimiting();
 
    $this->routes(function () {
        	Route::middleware(['api', YourMiddleware::class])
    });
}

In the Global Middleware Kernel File

The global middleware kernel file, located at app/Http/Kernel.php, is a central configuration point for middleware. In the 'api' middleware group, you can include your custom middleware alongside other global middleware.

// app/Http/Kernel.php: add to the 'api' group

protected $middlewareGroups = [
    'api' => [
        // ... existing middleware
        YourMiddleware::class,
    ],
];